National Evaluation Series™ Profile: Special Education: Hearing Impaired (808)

Content Domain I: Understanding Students Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing

Competencies:

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0001 Understand the role language plays in learning and the effects of hearing loss on development and learning.

Descriptive Statement:

For example: the potential effects of hearing loss on children's language, speech, cognitive, social, and emotional development; characteristics of language and speech development typical among children who have hearing loss; processes by which learning occurs; applications of learning theories for students who are deaf or hard of hearing; factors that may affect learning (e.g., family language, etiology and onset of hearing loss); and effects of other disabilities in conjunction with hearing loss.

0002 Understand processes involved in hearing and characteristics of all types and degrees of hearing loss.

Descriptive Statement:

For example: the auditory system and normal auditory development; effects of various factors (e.g., physiological, disease) on hearing; types and degrees of hearing loss, their causes, characteristics, and implications; student behaviors that may indicate the presence of a hearing loss; and knowledge of acoustics and ways to create optimal acoustic environments for students who are deaf or hard of hearing.

Sample Item:

Use the diagram below to answer the question that follows.

The diagram, from left to right, shows the outer, middle, and inner ear. An arrow at the far right points to a part with a spiral shape that resembles a snail shell.

In this diagram, which of the following structures is indicated by the arrow?

eardrum
stapes
hammer
cochlea

Correct Response (Show Correct ResponseHide Correct Response)

0003 Understand language (including oral, written, and sign language) and language development.

Descriptive Statement:

For example: theories relating to language development; typical stages and processes of language development (including oral, written, and sign language); phonological, semantic, morphemic, syntactic, and pragmatic aspects of language; linguistic features of English and American Sign Language; factors affecting language development (e.g., cognitive, environmental); forms and functions of language in communicative contexts; and relationships between language and cognition, reading, and achievement.

Sample Item:

Which of the following manual communication systems makes the greatest use of facial expression, posture, movement, and space?

cued speech
Signed English
American Sign Language
finger spelling

Correct Response (Show Correct ResponseHide Correct Response)

0004 Understand speech and speech development.

Descriptive Statement:

For example: anatomical structures and processes involved in speech production; acoustic aspects of speech; typical progressions in and characteristics of speech development; factors affecting speech development; developmental speech characteristics of children who are deaf or hard of hearing; and visual, auditory, and tactile aspects of speech.

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